Recovered Energy, Inc. Presents the
                      Recovered Energy System TM

The Recovered Energy System™
EXTRACTING ENERGY FROM WASTE WITHOUT COMBUSTION

DISCUSSION ON

LANDFILLS

 Landfills have been the standard answer for disposing of waste for many years-not because they are a good solution but because the alternatives were not viewed as being economically viable. For many years no one understood the "true" cost of operating a landfill. Initially we just dumped waste in open pits and covered them up. After a number of years we learned that contaminants in the waste were leaching into the ground water and contaminating aquifers. Landfill gas was escaping into surrounding neighborhoods and into basements of homes. We then began to line the landfills and over time have developed fairly sophisticated liner systems. However, even the best liner system will eventually leak and cause environmental damage. During this time a variety of programs have been developed to reduce the amount of waste going into landfills. We have developed recycling programs, composting, anaerobic digestion and a variety of other techniques to reduce the waste. However, we are still dumping most of our waste into landfills because of a lack of viable economic alternatives.

There is no other technology that can compete with the cost of a landfill, when considering only the cost to construct and operate the landfill. However, when we consider the cost of transporting waste to a distant landfill, or the cost to society for the environmental damage caused by the landfill, or the value of the land that could be used for other purposes, or the future liability of a landfill, then the "real" cost of a landfill starts to grow. Many municipalities do not look at the "life cycle" cost of operating a landfill and are only concerned about this year's budget shortfall. Other municipalities have not found viable alternatives that can adequately solve the entire problem. In many cases municipalities would like another alternative but are locked into existing contracts with private landfill owners.

Landfills are now being banned or phased out by many communities. Cities like New York City and Toronto have stopped using landfills and are exporting their waste to other communities. These other communities are starting to realize the long-term cost of taking the waste. The world society is now awakening to the detrimental effects of landfills and are earnestly seeking viable alternatives.

The public rarely hears of landfill gas emissions. Since landfills occupy large areas of land, emissions control for these areas are more difficult to manage than a point source at a Recovered Energy System™ plant. The biodegradable waste in the landfill produces among other things methane gas. As a greenhouse gas methane is twenty-three times more potent than carbon dioxide. Landfill gas to energy receives renewable energy credits for providing the valuable service of converting methane into carbon dioxide. With the Recovered Energy System™ system there is an immediate and thorough conversion of the biodegradable waste in a controlled manner. Unless properly capped the emissions from landfills go largely uncontrolled. Landfills also produce a leachate that needs to be monitored and treated. The Recovered Energy System™ system eliminates landfills and the associated environmental issues. The Recovered Energy System™ system can also be used in conjunction with an existing landfill to process the landfill gas and leachate.

The Recovered Energy System™ provides a comprehensive solution to the entire problem in one system.

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